[국제 표준 : CMMi] 능력 성숙도 통합 모델에 대한 간략한 정보 알아보기

Capability Maturity Model Integration : 능력 성숙도 통합 모델 

Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) is a process level improvement training and appraisal program. Administered by the CMMI Institute, a subsidiary of ISACA, it was developed at Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). It is required by many U.S. Government contracts, especially in software development. CMU claims CMMI can be used to guide process improvement across a project, division, or an entire organization. CMMI defines the following maturity levels for processes: Initial, Managed, Defined, Quantitatively Managed, and Optimizing. Version 2.0 was published in 2018 (Version 1.3 was published in 2010, and is the reference model for the remaining information in this wiki article). CMMI is registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office by CMU.

 

역량 성숙도 모델 통합(CMMI)은 프로세스 수준 개선 교육 및 평가 프로그램입니다. ISACA의 자회사인 CMMI Institute에서 관리하는 이 프로그램은 카네기멜론대학교(CMU)에서 개발되었습니다. 특히 소프트웨어 개발 분야에서 많은 미국 정부 계약에서 요구됩니다. CMU는 프로젝트, 부서 또는 조직 전체에서 프로세스 개선을 안내하는 데 CMMI를 사용할 수 있다고 주장합니다. CMMI는 프로세스의 성숙도를 다음과 같이 정의합니다: 초기, 관리, 정의, 정량적 관리, 최적화. 버전 2.0은 2018년에 게시되었습니다(버전 1.3은 2010년에 게시되었으며, 이 위키 문서의 나머지 정보에 대한 참조 모델입니다). CMMI는 CMU에 의해 미국 특허청에 등록되어 있습니다.

 

Characteristics of the Maturity levels

CMMI topics

Representation

In version 1.3 CMMI existed in two representations: continuous and staged. The continuous representation is designed to allow the user to focus on the specific processes that are considered important for the organization's immediate business objectives, or those to which the organization assigns a high degree of risks. The staged representation is designed to provide a standard sequence of improvements, and can serve as a basis for comparing the maturity of different projects and organizations. The staged representation also provides for an easy migration from the SW-CMM to CMMI.

In version 2.0 the above representation separation was cancelled and there is now only one cohesive model.

 

버전 1.3에서 CMMI는 연속형과 단계형의 두 가지 표현으로 존재했습니다. 연속적 표현은 사용자가 조직의 즉각적인 비즈니스 목표에 중요하다고 간주되는 특정 프로세스 또는 조직이 높은 수준의 위험을 할당하는 프로세스에 집중할 수 있도록 설계되었습니다. 단계별 표현은 표준 개선 순서를 제공하도록 설계되었으며, 서로 다른 프로젝트와 조직의 성숙도를 비교하기 위한 기초로 사용할 수 있습니다. 또한 단계적 표현은 SW-CMM에서 CMMI로 쉽게 마이그레이션할 수 있도록 지원합니다. 버전 2.0에서는 위의 표현 분리가 취소되었으며 이제 하나의 일관된 모델만 있습니다.

 

Model framework (v1.3)

Further information: Process area (CMMI)

Depending on the areas of interest (acquisition, services, development) used, the process areas it contains will vary.[10] Process areas are the areas that will be covered by the organization's processes. The table below lists the seventeen CMMI core process areas that are present for all CMMI areas of interest in version 1.3.

 

추가 정보: 프로세스 영역(CMMI) 사용되는 관심 영역(획득, 서비스, 개발)에 따라 포함되는 프로세스 영역이 달라집니다.[10] 프로세스 영역은 조직의 프로세스에서 다룰 영역입니다. 아래 표에는 버전 1.3의 모든 CMMI 관심 영역에 존재하는 17개의 CMMI 핵심 프로세스 영역이 나열되어 있습니다.

 

Maturity levels for services

The process areas below and their maturity levels are listed for the CMMI for services model:

 

Maturity Level 2 – Managed

1. CM – Configuration Management

2. MA – Measurement and Analysis

3. PPQA – Process and Quality Assurance

4. REQM – Requirements Management

5. SAM – Supplier Agreement Management

6. SD – Service Delivery

7. WMC – Work Monitoring and Control

8. WP – Work Planning

 

Maturity Level 3 – Defined

1. CAM – Capacity and Availability Management

2. DAR – Decision Analysis and Resolution

3. IRP – Incident Resolution and Prevention

4. IWM – Integrated Work Managements

5. OPD – Organizational Process Definition

6. OPF – Organizational Process Focus...

7. OT – Organizational Training

8. RSKM – Risk Management

9. SCON – Service Continuity

10. SSD – Service System Development

11. SST – Service System Transition

12. STSM – Strategic Service Management

 

Maturity Level 4 – Quantitatively Managed

1. OPP – Organizational Process Performance

2. QWM – Quantitative Work Management

 

Maturity Level 5 – Optimizing

1. CAR – Causal Analysis and Resolution.

2. OPM – Organizational Performance Management.

 

Models (v1.3)

CMMI best practices are published in documents called models, each of which addresses a different area of interest. Version 1.3 provides models for three areas of interest: development, acquisition, and services.

 

CMMI for Development (CMMI-DEV), v1.3 was released in November 2010. It addresses product and service development processes.

 

CMMI for Acquisition (CMMI-ACQ), v1.3 was released in November 2010. It addresses supply chain management, acquisition, and outsourcing processes in government and industry.

 

CMMI for Services (CMMI-SVC), v1.3 was released in November 2010. It addresses guidance for delivering services within an organization and to external customers.

 

Models (v2.0)

In version 2.0 DEV, ACQ and SVC were merged into a single model where each process area potentially has a specific reference to one or more of these three aspects. Trying to keep up with the industry the model also has explicit reference to agile aspects in some process areas.

Some key differences (not an exhaustive list) between v1.3 and v2.0 models, are given below -

 

1. "Process Areas" have been replaced with "Practice Areas (PA's)". The latter is arranged by levels, not "Specific Goals".
2. Each PA is composed of a "core" [i.e. a generic and terminology-free description] and "context-specific" [ i.e. description from the perspective of Agile/ Scrum, development, services, etc.] section.
3. Since all practices are now compulsory to comply, "Expected" section has been removed.
4. "Generic Practices" have been put under a new area called "Governance and Implementation Infrastructure", while "Specific practices" have been omitted.
5. Emphasis on ensuring implementation of PA's and that these are practised continuously until they become a "habit".
6. All maturity levels focus on the keyword "performance".
7. Two and five optional PA's from "Safety" and "Security" purview have been included.
8. PCMM process areas have been merged.

 

Related References

- 출처 : Wikipedia [This page was last edited on 4 September 2020, at 08:27] 

Capability Maturity Model Integration - Wikipedia

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